GENERAL CADASTRE

General cadastre is the unitar and compulsory system of technical, economic and juristic evidence of all real estates from entire country territory. The basic elements of the cadastre are defined by holding, building and owener. The real estate is described by one or more joined holdings, whith or less constructions, belonging the same owener. The holding is defined by a land surface whith the same category of use.
General cadastre have to final purpose the entry in Land Registry. The object of the general cadastre is being constitute the landed fund of Romania, that is entirety of lands from communal, cities, municipal administrative-territorial units, in limits of country territory, irrespective of category of use, economic destination or of public or private domain whitch is a part from and by their possessors. This have as objects:
- the identify, description and registration in the cadastral documents of real estates by their type, their measurement and reprezentation on maps and cadastral plans, as well as storing of data on informatic suport;
- the identify and registration of all the oweners and of other real estate holders, in view of entry in Land Registry with finality.
- the provision of data necessary for taxes and dutes system for correct imposition of the fiscal duty of the contributors, imposed by ability authorities.
The cadastre must evidence the land holdings so that their border may be identify and establish with pecission, in type. By cadastre is integrate data such as the topographic number, category of use and surface, and data as the possessor name and the owener fixing. The cadastre informations is obligatory to establish of property borders.

The topographic measurements to be out to establish the patrimony of comercial society with state capital have been determine:
- the precinct surface (ST);
- the built surface (Sc);
- the surface related networks (Sr);
- the surface related transport networks (St);
- the free surface (Sl);
- the percent of land ocupation (POT);
- the coefficient of land use (CUT);
It’s establish the land valuation based on position within locality, utilities acces, interurban, etc.

The holding is cadastral base unit, and on his turn may contain subholdings (where the use categories differ). Pursuant to appropriation on law nr. 18 from 1991, in very much areas of the country (especially in extracarpathyc part, where was not exist plans before communist regime), it is appear the nead and obligatoriness (in city halls task) to drawing up of this holding plans. Every holding plan is drawing up on a sheepfold (field) and contain the all holdings from this space, whith owener name, surface, property title number, dimensions, category of use.

Cadastral documentation have been contain a technical part (sketches, calculations, cadastral plans, zone framing plans) and a juristic part (property documents). The framing plans is base on scale 1:500 and 1:2000 plans for Bucharest, respective 1:2000 și 1:5000 for other cities and communes. To holdings delimitations in inside of localities or those situated outside of localities from extension of PUGs holdings plans prepared by city halls are necessary.

Where within a real estate already inscribed it is enlighten a new construction this must been enscribed in Land Registry. In this situation sketch scales of building will be prepared and will be performed topographic measurements for building delimitation and for his location in the cadastral plans.

When a real estate is divided into fractions before a voluntary partition or a civil decision, that the resulted real estates to get postal number, it is preparing (especially in Bucharest municipality) a documentation for obtaining of technic note from Cadastral Office.

Dismemberment (detachment) is the operation of fraction of a real estate into several reals. Only one real which is enscribed in Land Registry can be dismembered.
Merging (unite) is the operation whereby much more reals is unify in one. All reals must by before this enscribed in Land Registry for merging.